导读

北京作为中国的首都,融合了古老与现代的气质,数千年来呈现出耀眼的魅力。随着小康社会的发展,各个城区乡村都涌现出不同特色。今天,就让我们领略不一样的北京。

从1949年开始,北京市的人均可支配收入节节攀升,用38年时间突破千元大关,在此基础上用14年时间跨越万元台阶,之后用10年时间突破3万元,5年时间超过5万元。2019年全市人均可支配收入跃至6.7万元。

农村发展特色产业

密云区位于北京市东北部,是北京市面积最大的区,拥有华北地区最大的人工湖——密云水库。多年来,这里依靠优越的自然环境促进了养蜂和文旅产业的蓬勃发展。

Miyun district, which is well-known for its good natural environment such as fresh air and clean water, has eyed developing businesses such as beekeeping and folk cultural tours in the countryside.

密云区是“北京市养蜂第一大区”,现有蜂农2072户,蜂群11.5万群,占北京市蜂群总量的44%。这里有蜂业专业合作组织26个,合作社社员1906户,从业人员4000余人。

全区年均生产普通蜂蜜320万公斤,蜂产品年产值近1.2亿元。如此雄厚的产业发展实力,使得养蜂农户增收效果明显。

Miyun has the largest beekeeping area in Beijing, with 2,072 bee farmers tending 115,000 colonies that account for 44 percent of the city's total, according to official data.

密云区的专职养蜂农户占总数的35%,太师屯镇龙潭沟村的“蜂二代”田淑革就有着三十余年的养蜂经验。她和丈夫在2004年加入合作社,家里的蜂箱也从最初的两箱扩大至四百箱。

每年夏天漫山遍野开放的荆条花,让他们拥有固定的养蜂场地,不必在不同时节奔波千里“追花夺蜜”。花期过后,合作社收购全部蜂蜜,而两口子也开始为来年的工作做准备。

现年48岁的田大姐,靠养蜂赚到的年均毛利润达30余万元,不仅在密云城区买了楼房,还添置了两辆车。

Tian Shuge, a local bee farmer in Longtangou village in Miyun, has been with the bee-raising industry for more than 30 years. She said she has made more money after joining the cooperative in the village.

"My annual income has been increasing in recent years and it is more than 300,000 yuan at present," Tian said.

除了养蜂产业外,密云区的民宿旅游事业发展也欣欣向荣。这里共有41家旅游景区,民俗村50个。2019年实现旅游收入64.9亿元。穆家峪镇阁老峪村就是一个靠发展民宿产业,使村民脱低致富的典型村落。

作为“水库移民”的谢泽原本在城区里做厨师,村里发展民俗产业后,他在2014年回到村里开起了农家乐餐厅。

Xie Ze, a local farmer who once worked as a chef outside of the town, has come back to Miyun and now runs a restaurant to provide catering for visitors.

对于现在的生活,谢泽表示很满意:“餐厅一年服务2000多桌客人,纯收入30-40万元。”

"I can serve 2,000 tables a year and earn an annual income of 300,000-400,000 yuan," he said.

毗邻密云区的平谷区是中国著名的大桃之乡。大桃已经成为一张靓丽的形象名片,是平谷十万桃农的主要经济来源。

平谷区有大桃面积22万亩,200多个品种,供应期从每年3月延续至11月。2019年,平谷大桃更是作为国庆礼桃,出现在国庆招待会上。

刘家店镇寅洞村的桃农胡殿文就是平谷区六位“国桃”种植户之一。60岁的老胡作为平谷区首位“诚信之星”,信奉“好人种好桃”的原则。

他坚持使用有机肥,2005年后更是在村里举办的各种培训中学习技术,勤于实践,在提高桃子质量的同时,也增加了收入。他的8亩桃园每年带来12至15万元的收益。

Hu Dianwen is one of the six farmers who grew "national peaches" in Pinggu district last year. These selected peaches were sent to celebrate the 70th birthday of the establishment of PRC last year.

Believing in "only good-hearted farmers can grow good-quality peaches", the 60-year-old farmer is the first to win the honorable title of "Honest Star" in the district.

过去只能把桃子卖给小商贩的老胡,现在通过电商途径把自家的优质大桃销售至全国各地。不过最让老胡自豪的是,他和老伴当年靠桃园将一双儿女送入了大学。

胡同里的特色小店

胡同是北京独有的特色,记录下了北京历史的变迁,是独具韵味的传统文化载体。位于西城区大栅栏街道的杨梅竹斜街,因走向自东北向西南倾斜得名。2010年,大栅栏更新计划启动,杨梅竹斜街引入众多文创小店。

The municipal government upgraded the street in 2010 by introducing cultural and creative industries, making it a cultural block.

这条500米长的胡同里有15家面积不足10平方米的商店和咖啡馆,吸引了众多年轻人来打卡。

On both sides of the 500-meter street, 15 small cultural shops, as well as some other boutique cafes, have attracted many young people. The floor space of each shop is usually less than 10 square meters.

疫情期间,这里的生意受到冲击,但政府通过减免店铺租金的方式帮助小店度过了难关。如今杨梅竹斜街的周末客流量已经恢复至疫情之前。

北京非物质文化遗产北京彩塑的代表性传承人张忠强开办的老北京兔儿爷小店就位列其中。已经在这里开店7年的他在传统兔儿爷的形象上添加了现代元素,致力于将这个代表着健康平安的北京特有文化形象传播到海内外。

Zhang Zhongqiang, a traditional clay figurine artist who owns a shop on Yangmeizhuxiejie Street, has incorporated a modern rabbit motif into his clay figurines.

垃圾分类和改造转运站

东城区建国门街道赵家楼社区地处长安街沿线,却有着多个老旧小区。2018年起,街道在胡同里老旧楼房集中的地区建起绿色生活驿站,推行垃圾分类试点。

Trash sorting has been implemented in an old building complex in Jianguomen community starting in 2018. Since then, residents could throw their household trash in garbage sorting stations.

每天早上7点至晚上7点(夏季至晚8点),驿站面向居民开放,专门的垃圾分类指导员就会在驿站指导居民分类回收厨余垃圾、其他垃圾、可回收物和有毒有害垃圾。

为了提高居民的积极性,街道向居民发放了垃圾分类积分卡,正确分类可以积累分值,利用积分兑换大米、食用油之类的生活物资作为奖品。

居民中也涌现出王平阿姨这样的“垃圾分类达人”。虽然腿脚不便,但王阿姨作为楼门长,早在2018年就成为垃圾分类实践者,宣传带动居民积极办理积分卡,分享垃圾分类的好处。

在居民自觉做好垃圾分类工作的同时,北京市环卫集团也完成了对三座大型垃圾转运站的改造工作,实现了由“邻避”向“邻利”的转变。

In an effort to create a cleaner, prettier city, the Beijing municipal government has upgraded its waste treatment process as well as related construction projects and facilities to improve the local environment.

其中比较典型和成功的全密闭改造工程就是小武基转运站改造工程。这个始建于1997年的转运站位于朝阳区,转运能力日均2000吨。

过去这里存在部分露天作业、车间未封闭、除臭设施不齐等情况。随着周边居民区的增多,转运站的异味和噪声问题不断被投诉。

居民马进就住在距离转运站围墙最近距离仅25米的楼里。他说以前大家一直不敢开窗,因为当年这里不仅噪音大,而且异味非常刺鼻。冬天的时候他在家里还能忍受,但是到了夏天,特别是阴天,就会感觉一直在厕所里没出去过。居民们也一直向相关单位反映这个问题。

Ma Jin, who lives near Xiaowuji refuse transfer station, said he used to suffer from the noise caused by garbage trucks traveling to and from the station as well as bad smells.

2017年环卫集团改造了转运站,解决了异味和噪声问题,还为社区提供保洁和清运垃圾服务,让他感到很满意。

After upgrades were made at the Xiaowuji station in 2017, "the noise and smell both disappeared," he said. "The best thing is that the station has provided cleaning services for all the streets nearby. Thus, we have a much better environment."

编导:张曦

摄像/撰稿:张曦

制片:张曦

统筹:张若琼

监制:柯荣谊

出品人:王浩

09-16 14:02